Surgery was very limited to minor procedures as abscess drainage and foreign bodies (arrows, bullets shrapnel etc.) and suturing lacerations. Hemorrhage was controlled by cauterie: applying heated metal probes or boiling oils onto the bleeding surface. When amputation started to be practiced bleeding large vessels were held by forceps and tied without burning the entire raw tissue that caused later severe complications
and Two small amputation saws c. 1700
The Rosenberg Museum of Medicine – All Rights Reserved Ben-Gurion University of the Negev – Faculty of Health Sciences