Urinary tract problems were very common and the intense pain they caused were the reason that treatments even surgical procedures were developed to alleviate them. As this was the pre-anesthesia era all these procedures, some extremely traumatic were done with the patient awake, held by several strong assistance. Considering the intense pain caused by urine retention one could understand the patient’s choice to undergo such an ordeal.
Two lithotomy forceps and a scoop, 16-17th century
Jointed flexible urethral knife for release of urethral stenosis c. 1750
Frére Come’s Cache bistouri urethrotome c.1750
Cock’s trocar for transrectal aspiration of the urinary bladder c. 1870
Large scalpel 18th century steel blade ebonite
Handle. On the left: two 17th century extracting forceps probes that often were used to remove foreign bodies, shrapnels and bullets embedded in tissues (see also case M on your left)
Lithorite for crushing urinary bladder stones c.1880
18th century soft and flexible male catheter developed by Ambroise Paré made of cloth soaked in wax stiffened with metal wire tipped by an Ivory button
Rigid male catheter, c. 1880, Silver
Telescopic female catheter c. 1790
Urethral dilator c. 1900
Litorite for crushing urinary bladder stones c. 1850